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- Network Working Group W A Simpson
- Internet Draft Daydreamer
- expires in six months July 1993
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- PPP in Frame Relay
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- Status of this Memo
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- This document is the product of the Point-to-Point Protocol Working
- Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Comments should
- be submitted to the ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu mailing list.
-
- Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working
- documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas,
- and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
- working documents as Internet Drafts.
-
- Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
- months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
- other documents at any time. It is not appropriate to use Internet
- Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as a
- ``working draft'' or ``work in progress.''
-
- Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the
- internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil, nnsc.nsf.net,
- nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or munnari.oz.au to learn the
- current status of any Internet Draft.
-
- Abstract
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard method for
- transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links.
-
- This document describes the use of Frame Relay for framing PPP
- encapsulated datagrams.
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page i]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- 1. Introduction
-
- Frame Relay [2] is a relative newcomer to the serial link community.
- Like X.25, the protocol was designed to provide virtual circuits for
- connections between stations attached to the same Frame Relay
- network. The improvement over X.25 is that Q.922 is restricted to
- delivery of packets, and dispenses with sequencing and flow control,
- simplifying the service immensely.
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- PPP uses ISO 3309 HDLC as a basis for its framing [3].
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- At one time, it had been hoped that PPP HDLC frames and Frame Relay
- would co-exist on the same links. Unfortunately, the Q.922 method
- for expanding the address from 1 to 2 to 4 octets is not
- indistinguishable from the ISO 3309 method, due to the structure of
- its Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) subfields.
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- When Frame Relay is configured as a point-to-point circuit, PPP can
- use Frame Relay as a framing mechanism, ignoring its other features.
- This is equivalent to the technique used to carry SNAP headers over
- Frame Relay.
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page 1]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- 2. The Data Link Layer
-
- This specification uses the principles, terminology, and frame
- structure of the "Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay" [4].
-
- The purpose of this specification is not to document what is already
- standardized in [4]. Instead, this document attempts to give a
- concise summary and point out specific options and features used by
- PPP.
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- 2.1. Frame Format
-
- The full Q.922 header is easily combined with the smaller HDLC
- header. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- 0 1 2 3
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Flag (0x7e) |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Q.922 Address | Control | NLPID(0xcf) |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | PPP Protocol |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
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- NLPID
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- This field contains a one octet Network Layer Protocol Identifier
- (NLPID), which identifies the network layer protocol encapsulated
- over the Frame Relay virtual circuit, in accordance with the
- Subsequent Protocol Identifier (SPI) in ISO/IEC TR 9577 [5]. The
- value used for PPP is <TBD> CF hex.
-
- Protocol Field
-
- The Protocol field is two octets and its value identifies the
- protocol encapsulated in the Information field of the frame. The
- field is transmitted and received most significant octet first.
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- 2.2. Modification of the Basic Frame
-
- The Link Control Protocol can negotiate modifications to the basic
- frame structure. However, modified frames will always be clearly
- distinguishable from standard frames.
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- Address-and-Control-Field-Compression
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- Because the Address and Control field values are not constant, and
- are modified as the frame is transported by the network switching
- fabric, Address-and-Control-Field-Compression MUST NOT be
- negotiated.
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- Protocol-Field-Compression
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- When Protocol-Field-Compression is negotiated, both the NLPID and
- Protocol fields are compressed.
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- On transmission, when the Protocol field is compressed to a single
- octet, the NLPID is omitted.
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- On reception, the NLPID field is examined. If it is not the PPP
- NLPID value, then it is expected to be a valid PPP Protocol value.
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- The Protocol field value 0x00cf is not allowed (reserved) to avoid
- ambiguity when Protocol-Field-Compression is enabled.
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- 3. In-Band Frame Format Detection
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- For Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs), the NLPID and PPP Protocol
- fields easily distinguish the PPP encapsulation.
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- Initial LCP packets contain the sequence cf-c0-21 following the
- header. When a PPP LCP Configure-Request packet is received, the PPP
- link enters Link Establishment phase.
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- When frames are detected which are not PPP encapsulation frames, they
- MUST be handled according to [4]. However, once PPP has entered the
- Link Establishment phase, such frames MUST NOT be sent, and on
- receipt such frames MUST be silently discarded, until the PPP link
- enters the Network-Layer Protocol phase.
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- For those network-layer protocols which have no PPP Protocol
- assignment, or which have not yet been implemented under the PPP
- encapsulation, another method of encapsulation defined under [4]
- SHOULD be used.
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- When Protocol-Field-Compression is negotiated, others methods of
- encapsulation defined under [4] MUST NOT be used.
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page 3]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- 4. Out-of-Band signaling
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- There is no generally agreed method of out-of-band signalling. Until
- such a method is universally available, an implementation MUST use
- In-Band Frame Format Detection for both Permanent and Switched
- Virtual Circuits.
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- 5. Configuration Details
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- The accidental connection of a link to feed a Frame Relay multipoint
- network SHOULD result in a misconfiguration indication.
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- The following Configurations Options are recommended:
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- Magic Number
- Link Quality Monitoring
- Protocol Field Compression
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- The standard LCP configuration defaults apply to Frame Relay links,
- except MRU.
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- To ensure interoperability with existing Frame Relay implementations,
- the default Maximum-Receive-Unit (MRU) is 1600 octets [4]. The basic
- HDLC header is significantly shorter than the full-sized Frame Relay
- header, which may give additional leeway in buffer management.
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- The typical network feeding the link is likely to have a MRU of
- either 1500, or 2048 or greater. To avoid fragmentation, the
- Maximum-Transmission-Unit (MTU) at the network layer SHOULD NOT
- exceed 1500, unless a peer MRU of 2048 or greater is specifically
- negotiated.
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- Some early Frame Relay networks are only capable of 262 octet frames.
- In order to operate PPP over a Frame Relay link, the minimum PPP MRU
- of 1500 MUST be supported.
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- To detect these inoperable links, the LCP Configure-Request packet
- MUST be padded to the full 1500 octet length. The padding MUST be a
- sequence of octets beginning with 1, and ending with the number of
- octets of padding.
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- XID negotiation is not supported for PPP links.
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- There is no need for Inverse ARP over PPP links.
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page 4]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- Security Considerations
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- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
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- References
-
- [1] Simpson, W. A., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", work in
- progress.
-
- [2] International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee,
- CCITT Recommendation Q.922, "ISDN Data Link Layer Specification
- for Frame Mode Bearer Services", April 1991.
-
- [3] Simpson, W. A., "PPP HDLC Framing", work in progress.
-
- [4] Bradley, T., Brown, C., and Malis, A., "Multiprotocol
- Interconnect over Frame Relay", RFC 1294, January 1992.
-
- [5] ISO/IEC TR 9577, "Information technology - Telecommunications
- and Information exchange between systems - Protocol
- Identification in the network layer", 1990 (E) 1990-10-15.
-
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- Acknowledgments
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- This design was inspired by the paper "Parameter Negotiation for the
- Multiprotocol Interconnect", Keith Sklower and Clifford Frost,
- University of California, Berkeley, 1992, unpublished.
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page 5]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- Chair's Address
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- The working group can be contacted via the current chair:
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- Fred Baker
- Advanced Computer Communications
- 315 Bollay Drive
- Santa Barbara, California, 93111
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- EMail: fbaker@acc.com
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- Author's Address
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- Questions about this memo can also be directed to:
-
- William Allen Simpson
- Daydreamer
- Computer Systems Consulting Services
- P O Box 6205
- East Lansing, MI 48826-6205
-
- EMail: Bill.Simpson@um.cc.umich.edu
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- Simpson expires in six months [Page 6]
- DRAFT PPP in Frame Relay July 1993
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- Table of Contents
-
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- 1. Introduction .......................................... 1
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- 2. The Data Link Layer ................................... 2
- 2.1 Frame Format .................................... 2
- 2.2 Modification of the Basic Frame ................. 2
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- 3. In-Band Frame Format Detection ........................ 3
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- 4. Out-of-Band signaling ................................. 4
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- 5. Configuration Details ................................. 4
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- SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS ...................................... 5
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- REFERENCES ................................................... 5
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- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................. 5
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- CHAIR'S ADDRESS .............................................. 6
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- AUTHOR'S ADDRESS ............................................. 6
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